Combining elements of Republican and medieval Rome, the Basilica di San Nicola in Carcere is a fascinating attraction for archaeology and architecture enthusiasts alike. Constructed on the site of the ancient Forum Holitorium (fruit and vegetable market) between the sixth and 12th centuries, the church features columns from the Temple of Spes (250 BC), a temple dedicated to Juno in the 2nd century BC and rebuilt in 90 BC, and the Temple of Janus (AD 17). Though many churches in Rome incorporate elements pilfered from ancient sites, San Nicola in Carcere is unique in that its repurposed columns stand in their original location and the foundations of the pre-existing temples can still be viewed via the crypt beneath the church.
Because of its complex history and architecture, the best way to visit the Basilica di San Nicola in Carcere is by joining a guided tour that explores this and other important historic churches in Rome. Many crypt and catacomb tours stop at San Nicola in Carcere, or you can combine your visit with a tour of the Eternal City’s highlights, including skip-the-line tickets to the nearby Colosseum and Roman Forum.
The Basilica di San Nicola in Carcere is located in the heart of one of the oldest areas of Rome, near the ancient Teatro Marcello and not far from the Colosseum and Roman Forum. The nearest metro stop is Colosseo.
The church is a popular wedding venue on the weekends, during which time the interior and crypt may not be accessible. Visit on weekdays to avoid unexpected closures, keeping in mind that the church closes for a few hours at midday.
The name San Nicola “in Carcere” indicates that the church was built on a former jail (or carcere), and local lore for centuries held that the infamous Carcere Tulliano was once located here. Later discoveries, however, place that Roman prison beneath the Church of San Giuseppe dei Falegnami adjacent to the Roman Forum; San Nicola in Carcere instead stands on the Byzantine Carcer ad Elephantum prison.
